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Single-gene disorder
Hereditary disorder caused by a mutant allele of a single gene.
Hybrid
The offspring of genetically different parents.
Codominance
Situation in which two different alleles for a genetic trait are both expressed.
Cancer
Diseases in which abnormal cells divide and grow unchecked.
Gene
The fundamental physical and functional unit of heredity. A gene is an ordered sequence of nucleotides located in a particular position on a particular chromosome that encodes a specific functional product
Centromere
A specialized chromosome region to which spindle fibers attach during cell division.
Embryonic stem (ES) cells
An embryonic cell that can replicate indefinitely, transform into other types of cells, and serve as a continuous source of new cells.
Deletion.
A loss of part of the DNA from a chromosome; can lead to a disease or abnormality.
Risk communication
In genetics, a process in which a genetic counselor or other medical professional interprets genetic test results and advises patients of the consequences for them and their offspring.
Identical twin
Twins produced by the division of a single zygote; both have identical genotypes.
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